News - What is fiberglass yarn? Properties and uses of fiberglass yarn

Fiberglass yarn is made of glass balls or waste glass through high temperature melting, wire drawing, winding, weaving and other processes. Fiberglass yarn is mainly used as electrical insulating material, industrial filter material, anti-corrosion, moisture-proof, heat-insulating, sound-insulating, shock-absorbing material. It can also be used as a reinforcing material to manufacture fiberglass reinforced plastic products such as reinforced plastic or reinforced gypsum. Coating fiberglass with organic materials can improve their flexibility and can be used to make packaging cloths, window screens, wall coverings, covering cloths, protective clothing and electrical and sound insulation materials.

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Fiberglass yarn as a reinforcing material fiberglass has the following characteristics, these characteristics make the use of fiberglass far more extensive than other types of fibers, and the development speed is also far ahead of its characteristics are listed as follows: (1) high tensile strength, small elongation (3%). (2) High elastic coefficient and good rigidity. (3) The amount of elongation within the elastic limit is large and the tensile strength is high, so the absorption of impact energy is large. (4) It is an inorganic fiber, which is non-flammable and has good chemical resistance. (5) Low water absorption. (6) The dimensional stability and heat resistance are all good. (7) It has good processability and can be made into different forms of products such as strands, bundles, felts, and woven fabrics. (8) Transparent and permeable to light. (9) The development of a surface treatment agent with good adhesion to resin was completed. (10) The price is cheap. (11) It is not easy to burn and can be melted into glass beads at high temperature.
Fiberglass yarn is divided into roving, roving fabric (checked cloth), fiberglass mat, chopped strand and milled fiber, fiberglass fabric, combined fiberglass reinforcement, fiberglass wet mat.
Although fiberglass yarn has only been used in the construction field for more than 20 years, as long as there are airports, gymnasiums, shopping malls, entertainment centers, car parking lots, theaters and other buildings, PE coated fiberglass screen curtains are used. When making tents, PE-coated fiberglass screen cloth is used as the roof, and sunlight can pass through the roof to become a soft natural lighting source. Due to the use of coated PE fiberglass screen window coverings, the quality and service life of the building will be significantly improved

How Texturization Improves Fiberglass Heat Insulation?

The process of texturizing fiberglass yarn is more than a fabrication step - it's a key engineering strategy that transforms how the material behaves under heat. Using techniques like high-pressure air jets or mechanical crimping, smooth, continuous glass yarns are reshaped into bulkier, more entangled structures. This structural transformation significantly boosts the fabric’s ability to resist heat transfer.

So, how does this work?

When fiberglass yarn undergoes texturization, several structural changes occur at the microscopic level. The individual filaments expand and become interlocked, forming loops, curls, and a thicker, lofted profile. This increased bulk allows the yarn to trap air between the entangled fibers, creating natural insulation pockets throughout the material. 

At the same time, the internal structure becomes more complex, forcing heat to travel through a longer, more interrupted path. These modifications are key to enhancing the fabric’s overall thermal resistance.

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These microscopic changes deliver two major insulation advantages:

1. Slowing Down Conductive Heat Transfer

In standard materials, heat moves quickly through solid paths, like a straight line through metal or glass. But in texturized fiberglass, those paths are broken up. The heat now has to travel through many fine glass filaments and pass across tiny air gaps between them.

Since air doesn’t transfer heat well (it has a very low thermal conductivity), it slows down the movement of heat across the fabric. And because the yarn structure is no longer smooth and direct, heat has to take a longer, zigzag route. Together, this lowers how much heat actually gets through - making the fabric a much better insulator.

2. Controlling Convective Heat Flow

The other way heat can move is through air circulation. In loosely woven fabrics with smoother yarns, tiny amounts of air can move inside the weave. This movement, known as micro-convection, can carry heat and reduce insulation.

But texturized fiberglass traps air in place. The tightly entangled yarns form dense layers and very small air pockets that stop airflow. With less air movement inside the fabric, less heat is carried by convection - especially during changing or extreme temperatures.

Quick Comparison: Smooth vs. Texturized Glass Yarn

To better understand the impact of texturization, let’s compare how smooth and texturized glass yarns differ in structure and performance. This quick side-by-side breakdown highlights the key differences that make texturized fiberglass significantly more effective for thermal insulation:

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