How to Prolong the Life of an 18650 Battery : 7 Steps - Instructables

What is a cycle?

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When an battery is charged and discharged, this is counted as one cycle.

• lithium-ion batteries are charged up to 4.2V and down to between 2V and 3V depending on the cell's specification for cut-off voltage.
• To be safe, never discharge lower than 3.0V unless you know your cell's specification.

Discharging occurs anytime you use the battery for power. The electricity is drawn from your device, and the battery discharges current. You can also use battery testing equipment to discharge a battery.

• To charge an , you should use a special charger for lithium-ion cells.

How is cycle life calculated?

Cycle life is determined by the difference in capacity of your cell taken from its first-use rating to its present rating. For example, if your cell started at mAh, but now only has mAh. mAh is 96% of the original capacity.

When this percentage reaches 80%, we say the cycle life has ended (even though you may get a few thousand more cycles out of your battery).

So if we take a mAh cell, when do we say its life has ended?

(80% of is ) so when the cell reaches a capacity of mAh we say its cycle life is over.

How many cycles does a typical battery have?

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Most modern batteries have a typical cycle life of 300 - 500 (charge, discharge cycles). When in high-amp or high-drain situations, this can decrease substantially to 200 cycles. If you go over the maximum discharge current limit (A) you can decrease the cycle life all the way down to 50 cycles.

In optimal conditions, your cells may achieve more than 500 cycles.

Some chemistries are able to cycle thousands of times before reaching 80% of their capacity.

cells are rated normally at between 20 and 25 degrees Celcius.

Any deviation from this will create a slight loss in efficiency. A 10-degree deviation might account for a loss of 20, or 30mAh.

While the extremes, below zero, or above 70 degrees, will see much faster cell degradation.

Using a cell at suboptimal temperatures will decrease its cycle life.

• Tip: Never charge your cell below freezing! Eg. in a garage in Winter as it will degrade particularly quick this way

While you are using your cell, if you notice it gets hot, let it rest. Under normaly use your cell should not get hot-to-touch, and should never exceed 60 degrees. If it is getting hot fast, you are over-stressing it.

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