Aug. 11, 2025
Here is the Use and maintenance of PCB unloader machine.
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Preparation and notice before use
Moving: Handling this machine, the machine should not be so excessive shock or vibration.
Cylinder: air supply keep at 6kg/cm², adjust machine inside pressure regulator to 5kg/cm². Cylinder clear, no water and drying.
Power Supply: 230V 50Hz ~60Hz,
Care and Maintenance
1. Once a week.
2. Check with the transport chain whether it is too lax, and maintain a clean chain maintaining lifts the optical axis linear bearings and clean.
3. Using non-fiber cloth or paper wipe dirty oil, and then lubricating ball screw Test all automatic and manual operation functions.
4. PCB testing whether the smooth transmission.
5. Put lifts transferred to the maximum-after closing the power to check whether the lifts down.
6. Cylinder check whether the smooth moves.
7. Check whether the track chain wear.
8. Inspection photoelectric sensors, magnetic sensors normal work.
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Nowadays, people’s life is inseparable from electronic products. And printed circuit boards, as the brain of electronic products, their demand is also increasing correspondingly. As a result, PCB manufacturers have tried their best to increase their output, and one of the effective ways is to introduce advanced SMT machines to their production lines. With these machines, even tiny electronic components can be assembled with fast speed and high precision.
In this blog, we will introduce different types of SMT machines and their functions, and also provide some tips for selecting the right machines for your production line.
Different SMT Machines Used in PCB Assembly Process
According to the sequence of the SMT PCB assembly process, we will list the equipment used one by one as follows:
The Solder Paste Printing Machine
The first machine used in SMT PCB assembly is the Solder Paste Printing Machine, which holds the PCB in position in an automated paste printer, where a squeegee applies the correct amount of solder paste onto the pads. Subsequently, a blade scrapes the stencil, evenly distributing the solder paste in the designated areas where components will be affixed, leaving the remaining areas untouched. Finally, the machine removes the stencil. If everything has proceeded smoothly, the solder paste should now be in the appropriate locations for the later placement of components.
The Solder Paste Inspection (SPI) Machine
Once the solder paste has been applied to the board, the following important step is to inspect whether the paste has been printed onto the board correctly. Poor solder paste printing is frequently the cause of SMD soldering issues, so this stage is critical. This is where an SPI machine steps in. This kind of machine can capture 3D images with cameras, and then evaluate the solder paste according to its volume, alignment, and height. It can also recognize unsuitable sizes and imperfections.
Pick-and-Place Machine
A pick-and-place machine is the primary and most critical type of SMT machine. Its function is to pick up components and position them in their designated locations. There are three varieties of pick-and-place machines:
a)Manual pick-and-place-machines
Pick-and-place machines that are manually operated involve a person who picks and places SMDs using the machine. The accuracy of component placement depends entirely on the operator. Although such machines reduce the risk of misplacement, they may not ensure the accurate placement of components due to operator limitations. However, they are practical for de-soldering and resoldering specific components on a circuit board.
b) Semi-Automatic pick-and-place-machines
Semi-automatic pick-and-place machines combine manual and automatic machines, aiding the operator in reducing the risk of SMD misplacement. By providing a computerized visualization of the circuit board, these machines enable operators to accurately place components in their designated positions. Additionally, they provide an X and Y coordinate setup to help the operator accurately set the target to drop the surface mount device.
c) Automatic pick-and-place-machines
Automatic pick-and-place machines are advanced machines that take over semi-automatic machines. They eliminate human limitations and provide greater accuracy, making them an incredible invention. Some benefits of automatic pick-and-place machines include lower labor costs, high accuracy, and enhanced operating speed.
SMT Assembling Curing Oven
After placing SMDs on the circuit boards, the solder paste needs to be cured to ensure that the SMDs adhere to the surface of the PCB. This can be achieved through SMT curing or baking ovens, which operate similarly to standard household ovens by providing high temperatures to melt the solder paste and turn it into a conducting adhesive.
The surface mount device soldering process involves two steps: adhesive curing and solder mask baking. This means that separate machines may be necessary for each step, or a single convection oven could be used for both operations. The decision to use a single convection oven for adhesive curing, solder paste baking, and reflow soldering will depend on the required quantity of circuit boards.
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Reflow Soldering Machine
The reflow soldering machine is a critical component in the process of permanently attaching surface mount devices to a printed circuit board. This machine preheats the components and then melts the solder paste to form strong and long-lasting joints between the SMDs and the circuit board, all without causing any heat damage to the delicate SMDs.
Solvent Cleaning Equipment
Despite the precision and care that goes into the soldering process, there is always the possibility of flux and excess solder remaining on the PCB. This is where Solvent Cleaning Equipment comes in handy. The purpose of this specialized SMT Machine is to eliminate any leftover flux and solder from the PCB following the soldering process, thereby guaranteeing that the PCB is thoroughly cleaned and prepared for the next stage in the manufacturing process.
Repair and Inspection Equipment
The PCB Inspection Equipment is a highly sophisticated SMT Machine designed for inspecting and repairing printed circuit boards. The machine not only identifies any potential defects or faults on the circuit board but also aids in repairing and fixing them. The thorough inspection of the PCB is guaranteed by its highly precise and accurate measurements, which enable the identification and resolution of any issues before delivery of the final product.
How to Choose the Best SMT Machines
Choosing a suitable SMT machine for your assembly line is not an easy task, there are several factors you should consider before making the decision:
Component Placement Speed
The placement speed of the SMT placement machine is the focus of the initial research on the purchase of the placement machine. These placement machines vary in placement speed and it is important to choose one based on your production needs and budget. You can check them against the IPC standard, which defines the placement speed of their pick-and-place machines.
Placement Accuracy
Placement Accuracy is another important aspect one should consider. Machines with higher accuracy tend to perform better, leading to high-quality yields. The optimal SMT machine should have an accuracy of 0.″ and a fine pitch lead of 12mil to achieve the best accuracy.
Machine repeatability
When selecting an SMT machine, it’s important to not only consider its accuracy but also its ability to produce consistent results. This is known as repeatability and is a critical feature to look for, especially in machines that use programmed software solutions to operate.
Parts Size
Another important factor to consider is the part size. For example, a pick-and-place machine should be able to handle parts of sizes , , and . If the machine you have selected meets your other requirements but does not support these sizes, you can purchase an additional nozzle or feeder to enable the production of circuit boards with these sizes.
Top 5 SMT Machines Manufacturers
Universal Instruments
Universal Instruments is a company that leads in technology and specializes in designing and producing precision automation solutions for the semiconductor and electronics manufacturing sector. Its range of core products comprises a comprehensive portfolio of surface mount platforms that offer exceptional performance and value for any production environment or budget.
YAMAHA MOTOR
Yamaha Motor is a leading manufacturer of Surface Mount Technology machines, offering a comprehensive range of high-quality equipment for electronic assembly. Their SMT machines are designed to optimize the production efficiency, accuracy, and reliability, allowing electronic manufacturers to achieve faster cycle times and higher yields.
FUJI CORPORATION
Fuji Corporation is a leading manufacturer of SMT machines, offering a wide range of machines to suit different production needs. Fuji’s SMT machines are capable of placing components on PCBs at high speeds with high precision, ensuring consistent quality. Some of the popular SMT machines offered by Fuji Corporation include the NXT series, the AIMEX series, and the AIMEX III series.
Panasonic
Panasonic is known for producing high-quality SMT machines that are well-regarded in the electronics manufacturing industry. Panasonic’s SMT machines are designed to handle a wide range of components and PCB sizes, allowing users to choose the machine that best fits their production needs. They offer a variety of models with different capabilities, from high-speed placement machines to more versatile machines that can handle a wider range of components.
DDM Novastar
DDM Novastar specializes in producing SMT machines for both automatic and manual SMT systems. Their equipment is relatively inexpensive, easy to use, and reliable, even for low-to-medium SMT applications. Some of the popular SMT machines offered by DDM Novastar include the SMT400 series, SMT800 series, and SMT915 series. These machines offer a range of capabilities and features, allowing users to choose the machine that best fits their production needs.
Final Thoughts
Now you have a better understanding of what SMT equipment is needed to assemble electronic boards, including how to choose suitable machines and which brands you can go for. But it may not be cost-efficient to purchase these expensive machines if you are producing small quantities of boards. In such cases, partnering with a dependable PCB manufacturer can be a superior option as they can provide quicker and more dependable services.
Today, we’ll discuss a topic known as SMT PCB assembly. This might sound like a big and complicated topic but don’t worry. We’ll easily explain everything.
Surface Mount Technology, or SMT, is a type of putting together circuit boards. PCB stands for Printed Circuit Board, which is the board that has all the electronic parts on it.
Manufacturing electronic gadgets like smartphones, tablets, and PCs relies heavily on SMT PCB assembly. Special machines attach small parts like resistors, capacitors, and microchips to the PCB. This makes the devices work properly and look neat.
We will learn more about SMT PCB assembly and its advantages and disadvantages in the rest of this guide.
Are you ready to learn? Let’s get started!
The advantage of the SMT mounter machine production line is that the assembly density is high, and it is easy to realize automation, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing costs. SMT mounter machine production line consists of three processes: applying solder paste, installing components and reflow process soldering. Among them, the installation of chip electronic components/devices is an important part of the whole surface mounting process. The problems it involves are more complex and difficult than other processes. The chip electronic component mounting equipment is the largest investment in the entire equipment.
SMT mounter machine is actually a kind of precision industrial robot, which is a combination of machine photoelectric and computer control technology. It realizes the fast and accurate connection of smc/smd components to the specified welding board position of the pcb board without damaging the components and the printed circuit board through functions such as absorption, replacement and positioning. There are three ways of component pairing: mechanical pairing, laser pairing and vision pairing. The installation machine is composed of a frame, an x-y motion mechanism (ball screw, linear guide, drive motor), a mounting head, a component feeder, a pcb bearing device, a device pair detection device and a computer control system. The movement of the whole machine is mainly realized through the x-y movement mechanism. The power is transmitted by the ball screw, and the direction movement is realized by rolling the linear orbital movement pair. This type of transmission not only has its own small motion resistance and compact structure, but also its high motion accuracy effectively ensures the positioning accuracy of each component.
SMT mounter machine identify important components, such as mounting spindles, movable/static lenses, suction cups, and feeding materials. Machine vision can automatically find the coordinates of these marking center systems, establish the conversion relationship between the placement machine's system coordinate system and the pcb and mounted component coordinate system, and calculate the precise coordinates of the placement machine's movement. The mount head captures the suction cup and absorbs the components according to the input package type and component number of the mounted element. The static lens detects, recognizes and matches the absorbing element according to the visual processing program; after the alignment is completed, the mounting head installs the component to the predetermined position on the pcb. The identification, intermediate, detection, installation and other actions of this series of components are automatically completed by the industrial control machine after obtaining the relevant data according to the corresponding instructions.
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