What Are the Advantages of Piston Wear Ring？

• Tolerances

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Tolerances

For best overall equipment and sealing performance, it is critical to use precision manufactured wear rings. Our precision wear rings are manufactured to close cross-section tolerances of +/- 0.001” (0.025mm) unless specified otherwise.
Please note that the pressure rating and sealing performance of a seal can be significantly reduced by higher tolerances of both the wear ring and the wear ring groove, leading to an increase in extrusion gap.

• Materials

Materials

The greater the side load forces, the stronger the wear ring material must be.

We offer a wide range of materials including:

– High compressive strength composite materials such as Duraloy™ for high side loads and tight-tolerance wear rings. Duraloy™  is our premium material for the most severe applications due to its outstanding mechanical properties and wear characteristics.

– Engineered plastics such as self-lubricated Nylons and POM for light to medium duty hydraulics with moderate side loads.

– Self-lubricated low-friction bronze filled PTFE, typically used for light duty hydraulics and low side loads. Not recommended for soft metal rods and aluminum bores. For soft metals we recommend the use of our carbon graphite filled PTFE to avoid scoring of the soft metal surfaces.

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• Wear Ring Height

Wear Ring Height

When the design requires wear ring height beyond 1.500”, it is recommended that multiple wear rings of shorter height be used. This becomes more vital as the side load increases. Ideally, each wear ring should be located in its own groove; however, two one-inch high wear rings in a two-inch groove are preferable to one two-inch high wear ring. As soon as there is an angular offset due to side loading, the initial wear ring contact is on a point, and contact width increases as it wears. Two wear rings not only double the initial contact area, but the actual contact area also increases faster with two rings rather than one.

Hydraulic cylinders are designed to generate longitudinal force and handle the longitudinal load. But many of these cylinders are also impacted severely by the transverse load. The engineering rule of thumb says that about 10-15% of the hydraulic force is always applied as transverse load, even in the most ideal situation.

The mechanical impact of this load can be reduced by using a variety of techniques but radial load still exists and occurs, causing excessive wear of internal guide components (bearing components) in the glands and on the piston heads of the cylinders.

Enter: Hydraulic Wear Rings

The use of internal guiding components or “wear rings” can dramatically reduce the impact of radial load, especially in horizontal and long-stroke applications. These rings can ensure that sliding components of the cylinders are properly supported against radial loads and move properly guided in a longitudinal direction.
A correctly designed bearing system in combination with the proper non-metallic wear ring material can prolong the lifetime of the seal components, improving both the reliability and service life of the cylinders.

The functions of guide components in hydraulic cylinders include:

1. Act as a linear (longitudinal) guide for the moving metallic components in the cylinders
2. Provide radial support of the metallic components
3. Protect seal components against excessive mechanical radial force/load and deformation
4. Protect seal components against uneven wear out
5. Position moving metallic components in a concentric location, maintaining clearances/radial gaps
6. Protect seal components against the radial load-caused momentum

Wear Ring Choices

Traditionally ferrous and non-ferrous metallic guide components were used as bushings for rods/rams and piston heads. The typical ferrous bearing material was gray cast iron (various grades), while non-ferrous was bearing bronze (various grades). However, these guide types have been found to be problematic and costly over the long term.

High-performance non-metallic wear rings such as Chesterton 16K and 17K are the best choice to protect seal components against excessive radial force, mechanical damage, and transverse load momentum in the cylinders.

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